Three-Dimensional Discrete Element Simulations of Direct Shear Tests

Using discrete element methods, geotechnical engineers can create “virtual laboratories” to simulate conventional laboratory tests. In this study, three-dimensional DEM simulations of direct shear tests are coupled with equivalent physical tests on steel balls. The macro-scale response of simulations is compared with the physical test results to validate the discrete element model and to gain insight into the test itself. Once validated, the discrete element simulations can be interpreted with confidence to develop conclusions regarding the particle-scale interactions driving the macro-scale response observed in the physical tests. Contact forces, particle displacements, and local shear stresses and strains are considered here.